1. What is Self-Directed Learning?
Several things are known about self-directed learning: (a) individual learners can become empowered to
take increasingly more responsibility for various decisions associated with the learning endeavor; (b)
self-direction is best viewed as a continuum or characteristic that exists to some degree in every person
and learning situation; (c) self-direction does not necessarily mean all learning will take place in
isolation from others; (d) self-directed learners appear able to transfer learning, in terms of both
knowledge and study skill, from one situation to another; (e) self-directed study can involve various
activities and resources, such as self-guided reading, participation in study groups, internships,
electronic dialogues, and reflective writing activities; (f) effective roles for teachers in self-directed
learning are possible, such as dialogue with learners, securing resources, evaluating outcomes, and
promoting critical thinking; (g) some educational institutions are finding ways to support self-directed
study through open-learning programs, individualized study options, non-traditional course offerings,
and other innovative programs.
(e) Open learning - individualized study often is associated with external degree, open learning, or nontraditional
programs where most learning takes place outside formal classrooms. One of the most widely
known is England's Open University, started in 1969, and emulated now in many countries. Currently,
development of many distance education efforts using computer-assisted learning is necessitating new
research and understanding regarding how technology can enhance self-directed learning. 
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